Average Cost of Health Insurance (2021)
Average Cost of Health Insurance (2021)
The average monthly cost of health insurance in the United States is $495.
Health insurance premiums have risen dramatically over the past decade. In the past, insurers would price your health insurance based on any number of factors, but after the Affordable Care Act, the number of variables that impact your health insurance costs decreased significantly.
In 2021, the average cost of individual health insurance for a 40-year-old across all metal tiers of coverage is $495. This represents a decrease of close to 2% from the 2020 plan year.
Average cost of health insurance
One of the primary factors in your individual health insurance costs is your location, as prices will vary depending on the state and county where you live. In this first table, we look at health insurance premiums for 2021 and how they differ based upon the state you reside in.
| State | Monthly cost | Annual cost | % change from average | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| National | $495 | $5,940 | 0.00% | |
| 1 | West Virginia | $712 | $8,540 | 43.79% |
| 2 | New York | $701 | $8,413 | 41.64% |
| 3 | Wyoming | $670 | $8,039 | 35.34% |
| 4 | Vermont | $649 | $7,786 | 31.09% |
| 5 | Louisiana | $629 | $7,545 | 27.02% |
| 6 | Nebraska | $615 | $7,379 | 24.24% |
| 7 | Massachusetts | $599 | $7,184 | 20.95% |
| 8 | California | $588 | $7,056 | 18.80% |
| 9 | Alaska | $572 | $6,869 | 15.65% |
| 10 | Nevada | $566 | $6,792 | 14.36% |
| 11 | South Dakota | $561 | $6,730 | 13.30% |
| 12 | Missouri | $548 | $6,572 | 10.65% |
| 13 | New Jersey | $543 | $6,521 | 9.79% |
| 14 | Oklahoma | $539 | $6,464 | 8.83% |
| 15 | Florida | $528 | $6,336 | 6.68% |
| 16 | North Carolina | $521 | $6,247 | 5.18% |
| 17 | Illinois | $517 | $6,203 | 4.44% |
| 18 | Alabama | $514 | $6,163 | 3.76% |
| 19 | Delaware | $513 | $6,154 | 3.61% |
| 20 | Kansas | $511 | $6,138 | 3.34% |
| 21 | Connecticut | $505 | $6,062 | 2.07% |
| 22 | Tennessee | $495 | $5,937 | -0.05% |
| 23 | Texas | $492 | $5,900 | -0.67% |
| 24 | Arizona | $490 | $5,877 | -1.05% |
| 25 | Georgia | $489 | $5,874 | -1.11% |
| 26 | Mississippi | $485 | $5,821 | -1.99% |
| 27 | Utah | $477 | $5,730 | -3.54% |
| 28 | Idaho | $477 | $5,723 | -3.64% |
| 29 | Kentucky | $470 | $5,641 | -5.03% |
| 30 | Oregon | $467 | $5,603 | -5.67% |
| 31 | South Carolina | $462 | $5,550 | -6.56% |
| 32 | Indiana | $462 | $5,543 | -6.68% |
| 33 | Wisconsin | $461 | $5,527 | -6.95% |
| 34 | Iowa | $451 | $5,411 | -8.91% |
| 35 | Montana | $449 | $5,393 | -9.21% |
| 36 | Pennsylvania | $449 | $5,218 | -9.29% |
| 37 | Hawaii | $446 | $5,353 | -9.87% |
| 38 | Virginia | $443 | $5,318 | -10.47% |
| 39 | Ohio | $435 | $5,223 | -12.07% |
| 40 | Maine | $431 | $5,172 | -12.93% |
| 41 | Arkansas | $426 | $5,112 | -13.94% |
| 42 | Rhode Island | $417 | $4,999 | -15.84% |
| 43 | North Dakota | $410 | $4,923 | -17.12% |
| 44 | Michigan | $402 | $4,828 | -18.71% |
| 45 | Washington | $394 | $4,734 | -20.30% |
| 46 | Colorado | $377 | $4,524 | -23.84% |
| 47 | Minnesota | $362 | $4,340 | -26.93% |
| 48 | New Mexico | $350 | $4,196 | -29.36% |
| 49 | Maryland | $344 | $4,122 | -30.60% |
| 50 | New Hampshire | $335 | $4,024 | -32.25% |
Change in average health insurance cost for 2021
From 2020 to 2021 health insurance rates decreased across the nation by over 2%. Additionally, year over year, Indiana saw the largest jump in health insurance costs across all metal tiers — increasing nearly 10%. Including Indiana, 21 states had their rates increase on average from 2020 to 2021.
Both Pennsylvania and New Jersey switched their health insurance exchanges from being government-based to state-based. Interestingly, New Jersey had an increase in rates of close to 9% due to the change, while Pennsylvania's rates went down — decreasing by 8%.
On the other hand, rates in Iowa and Maryland decreased the most year over year, falling 20% and 17%, respectively. Overall, 27 states experienced a decrease in health insurance premiums.
| State | 2021 average cost | 2020 average cost | % change year over year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| National | $495 | $505 | -2.04% | |
| 1 | Indiana | $462 | $420 | 9.92% |
| 2 | New Jersey | $543 | $501 | 8.54% |
| 3 | Delaware | $513 | $475 | 7.88% |
| 4 | Rhode Island | $417 | $387 | 7.64% |
| 5 | West Virginia | $712 | $666 | 6.82% |
| 6 | North Carolina | $521 | $490 | 6.19% |
| 7 | North Dakota | $410 | $387 | 6.13% |
| 8 | Oregon | $467 | $441 | 5.81% |
| 9 | Massachusetts | $599 | $568 | 5.45% |
| 10 | Louisiana | $629 | $596 | 5.42% |
| 11 | Alabama | $514 | $488 | 5.21% |
| 12 | Arkansas | $426 | $405 | 5.18% |
| 13 | Pennsylvania | $449 | $471 | 5.00% |
| 14 | Kentucky | $470 | $455 | 3.30% |
| 15 | Vermont | $649 | $631 | 2.86% |
| 16 | California | $588 | $576 | 2.03% |
| 17 | Nevada | $566 | $556 | 1.85% |
| 18 | South Dakota | $561 | $556 | 0.91% |
| 19 | Tennessee | $495 | $491 | 0.73% |
| 20 | Arizona | $490 | $487 | 0.66% |
| 21 | New York | $701 | $698 | 0.43% |
| 22 | Montana | $449 | $448 | 0.32% |
| 23 | Georgia | $489 | $490 | -0.16% |
| 24 | Minnesota | $362 | $362 | -0.20% |
| 25 | Kansas | $511 | $517 | -1.06% |
| 26 | Idaho | $477 | $485 | -1.76% |
| 27 | Connecticut | $505 | $514 | -1.80% |
| 28 | Hawaii | $446 | $456 | -2.09% |
| 29 | Mississippi | $485 | $500 | -2.98% |
| 30 | Texas | $492 | $508 | -3.18% |
| 31 | Utah | $477 | $493 | -3.22% |
| 32 | Michigan | $402 | $417 | -3.49% |
| 33 | Washington | $394 | $409 | -3.50% |
| 34 | Illinois | $517 | $537 | -3.70% |
| 35 | New Mexico | $350 | $364 | -3.89% |
| 36 | Ohio | $435 | $456 | -4.56% |
| 37 | Florida | $528 | $554 | -4.75% |
| 38 | Virginia | $443 | $466 | -4.93% |
| 39 | Wisconsin | $461 | $486 | -5.16% |
| 40 | Nebraska | $615 | $648 | -5.17% |
| 41 | Missouri | $548 | $578 | -5.21% |
| 42 | Colorado | $377 | $400 | -5.68% |
| 43 | Alaska | $572 | $614 | -6.70% |
| 44 | South Carolina | $462 | $501 | -7.67% |
| 45 | Oklahoma | $539 | $588 | -8.32% |
| 46 | New Hampshire | $335 | $383 | -12.38% |
| 47 | Wyoming | $670 | $766 | -12.54% |
| 48 | Maine | $431 | $509 | -15.32% |
| 49 | Maryland | $344 | $413 | -16.75% |
| 50 | Iowa | $451 | $561 | -19.56% |
Average health insurance premiums by metal tier
Health insurance plans are separated into different metal tiers based on the proportion of health care costs the insurance plan is expected to cover.
Catastrophic and Bronze plans cover the smallest proportion, having the highest deductibles, copays and coinsurance. On the other end of the spectrum, Platinum plans offer the greatest amount of coverage. They are expected to cover 90% of all costs.
The average rates paid for health insurance plans are inversely related to the amount of coverage they provide, with Platinum plans being the most expensive and Bronze and Catastrophic plans being the cheapest. The following table shows the average rates a 40-year-old would pay for individual health insurance based on plans in the different tiers. Older consumers would see their rates increase according to the age scale set by the federal guidelines.
| Metal tier | 2021 monthly premium | 2021 yearly premium | 2020 monthly premium | Year-over-year change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catastrophic | $313 | $3,757 | $323 | -3.08% |
| Bronze | $387 | $4,638 | $415 | -6.86% |
| Expanded Bronze | $418 | $5,017 | $428 | -2.31% |
| Silver | $539 | $6,471 | $560 | -3.71% |
| Gold | $594 | $7,125 | $617 | -3.77% |
| Platinum | $709 | $8,504 | $732 | -3.19% |
Average health insurance rates by plan type
Another distinction between plans that can change the rates you pay is the type of network the plan uses.
Depending on whether the plan is a preferred provider organization (PPO), health maintenance organization (HMO), exclusive provider organization (EPO) or point of service (POS), access to health care providers will be managed in different ways.
HMOs tend to be the most restrictive about which doctors you can see and what you must do to see them. This usually means that the insurers save on your cost of care and thereby provide lower premiums.
Factors that impact health insurance rates
For a particular health insurance plan, the cost of coverage is determined by certain factors that have been set by law. States can limit the degree to which these factors impact your rates — for instance, some states like California and New York don't allow the cost of health insurance to differ based on tobacco use.
- Age: The health care cost per person covered by a policy will be set according to their age, with rates increasing as the individual gets older. Children up to the age of 14 will cost a flat rate to add to a health plan, but premiums typically increase annually beginning at age 15.
- Where you live: Health insurance companies determine the set of policies offered and the cost of coverage based on the state and county you live in. So a resident of Miami-Dade County in Florida, for instance, may pay lower rates for the same policy than a resident of Jackson County.
- Smoking/tobacco use: If you smoke, you could pay up to 50% higher rates for health insurance, though the maximum increase is determined by the state.
- Number of people insured: The total cost of a health plan is set according to the number of people covered by it, as well as each person's age and possibly their tobacco use. For example, a family of three, with two adults and a child, would pay a much higher monthly health insurance premium than an individual.
Methodology
Health insurance premiums and plans found in the above report were aggregated from Public Use Files (PUF) on the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services government website. Using the rates and premiums for each plan, averages were calculated for a variety of variables such as metal tier, family size or county.
Sterling Price is a research analyst at ValuePenguin specializing in health and life insurance. He graduated from Syracuse University with a bachelors degree in Finance and Accounting and has previous experience as a licensed life insurance representative.
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